Pastry: Sift
the flour and salt into a large bowl. Stir in
the sugar and fennel seeds.
Use a pastry
blender to cut in the butter until the mixture
resembles fine crumbs. Add enough water to form
a soft, but not sticky, dough.
Turn the
dough out onto a lightly floured surface and
knead once or twice. Shape into a ball, wrap in
plastic wrap, and refrigerate for 30 minutes.
Filling: Mix
the superfine sugar, cardamom seeds, cinnamon,
allspice, walnuts, honey, and lemon zest in a
medium bowl.
Preheat the
oven to 375°F/190°C/gas 5. Set out a cookie
sheet. Roll out the dough on a lightly floured
surface to a thickness of 1/4 inch (5 mm).
Use a round
cutter to stamp out 4-inch (10-cm) circles. Fill
each dough circle with 2 teaspoonfuls of the
filling. Fold over to make a half moon, sealing
the edges with a fork.
Brush with
the beaten egg. Place on the cookie sheet,
spacing 1 inch (2.5 cm) apart.
Bake for
15-20 minutes, or until pale golden. Transfer to
racks to cool. Dust with the confectioners'
sugar.